What is a characteristic of cooperative federalism?

The characteristic of cooperative federalism is the blending of state and national responsibilities and powers. This concept reflects a collaborative approach in which both levels of government work together to solve common problems, share resources, and implement policies. In cooperative federalism, there is no strict division between state and federal responsibilities; instead, policies may require participation and coordination from both levels of government.

This contrasts with other federalism models, such as dual federalism, which emphasizes a clear distinction and limited interaction between state and federal authorities. In cooperative federalism, programs and funding, such as those for education, healthcare, and transportation, often involve cooperation among federal and state agencies. This model has evolved over time, especially since the New Deal era, where federal assistance to states became pivotal in addressing economic and social issues.